variables are identifiers which is used to store data like numbers , character , strings etc. 

so , technically it is a box or a container where we store data and it may be changed at any point in the program hence named as variable.

At first we need to learn some terms ,

1. Syntax

2. Variable declaration 

3. Initialization or Value assignment to variable

What is syntax ? Syntax is grammatical process for doing something in C. Like there are rules which you must follow to perform some task and that rule is called syntax.

For using a variable you have to declare or create it first , declaration is like telling computer to create this variable.

Initialization means using that variable to store some data.

Syntax for declaring a Variable.

data type  variable name ;

Example:

int a ;

where int is data type integer if you are reading all my articles then you should already know about data and their types .

In C every line of code is ended by semicolon , its compulsory.

so we declared a variable  , now its time for using it or lets say storing some data to it.

a =10;

This line will assign or store 10 to  variable a  and this process is called as initialization

It should be noted that int data type can only store integer , char can only store single character , float can only decimal.

Few more examples :

int num; // declaration

num =20; // assignment or initialization

char letter; // declaration

letter ='a'; // assignment or initialization

To assign a character we use single quote ' ' to data

float GPA ;  // declaration

GPA = 3.8;  // assignment

Now there is also another way of doing these things , like declaration and assignment at the same time.

Example :

int num = 20 ;

char letter ='a' ;

In most case we first declare and then use it later but sometime its easy to assign immediately like in loop 

int i = 0;

we will learn more about loops later.

Array of character or string

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